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Qu'est-ce (qui) est to - définition
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
TO (disambiguation); To; T.O.; T.o; T.O; T.o.; To.; T O; To (disambiguation)
To
·prep Addition; union; accumulation.
II. To ·prep Character; condition of being; purpose subserved or office filled.
III. To ·prep Apposition; connection; antithesis; opposition; as, they engaged hand to hand.
IV. To ·prep Accompaniment; as, she sang to his guitar; they danced to the music of a piano.
V. To ·prep Accord; adaptation; as, an occupation to his taste; she has a husband to her mind.
VI. To ·prep Comparison; as, three is to nine as nine is to twenty-seven; it is ten to one that you will offend him.
VII. To ·prep Extent; limit; degree of comprehension; inclusion as far as; as, they met us to the number of three hundred.
VIII. To ·prep In many phrases, and in connection with many other words, to has a pregnant meaning, or is used elliptically.
IX. To ·prep Effect; end; consequence; as, the prince was flattered to his ruin; he engaged in a war to his cost; violent factions exist to the prejudice of the state.
X. To ·prep The preposition to primarily indicates approach and arrival, motion made in the direction of a place or thing and attaining it, access; and also, motion or tendency without arrival; movement toward;
- opposed to from.
XI. To ·prep Hence, it indicates motion, course, or tendency toward a time, a state or condition, an aim, or anything capable of being regarded as a limit to a tendency, movement, or action; as, he is going to a trade; he is rising to wealth and honor.
XII. To ·prep In a very general way, and with innumerable varieties of application, to connects transitive verbs with their remoter or indirect object, and adjectives, nouns, and neuter or passive verbs with a following noun which limits their action. Its sphere verges upon that of for, but it contains less the idea of design or appropriation; as, these remarks were addressed to a large audience; let us keep this seat to ourselves; a substance sweet to the taste; an event painful to the mind; duty to God and to our parents; a dislike to spirituous liquor.
XIII. To ·prep As sign of the infinitive, to had originally the use of last defined, governing the infinitive as a verbal noun, and connecting it as indirect object with a preceding verb or adjective; thus, ready to go, i.e., ready unto going; good to eat, i.e., good for eating; I do my utmost to lead my life pleasantly. But it has come to be the almost constant prefix to the infinitive, even in situations where it has no prepositional meaning, as where the infinitive is direct object or subject; thus, I love to learn, i.e., I love learning; to die for one's country is noble, i.e., the dying for one's country. Where the infinitive denotes the design or purpose, good usage formerly allowed the prefixing of for to the to; as, what went ye out for see. (Matt. xi. 8).
to
We say 'go/come/travel (etc.) to a place or event'.
For example:
go to America/come to England/return to Italy/fly to Moscow/walk to work/drive to the airport/go to the bank/go to a party/go to a concert/be sent to prison/be taken to hospital/go to bed
We say get to (but arrive in/at):
- What time did you get to London/work /the party.
We say 'been to a place' = I have visited a place; I went there but now I have come back:
- Have you ever been to Japan?
- I've been to Rome four times.
- Ann has never been to a football match in her life.
- Jack has got plenty of money. He has just been to the bank.
Damage 'to' something:
- The accident was my fault, so I paid for the damage to the other car.
An invitation 'to' a party/a wedding etc.:
- Did you get an invitation to the party?
A reaction 'to' something:
- I was surprised at his reaction to what I said.
A solution 'to' a problem/an answer 'to' a question/ a reply 'to' a letter/a key 'to' a door:
- Do you think we'll find a solution to this problem?
- The answer to your question is 'No'!
An attitude 'to'/'towards' someone/something:
- His attitude to/towards his job is very negative.
We say 'to be nice / kind / good / generous / mean / (im)polite / rude / (un)pleasant / (un)friendly / cruel to someone':
- She has always been very nice/kind to me. (not 'with me')
We say 'to be married/engaged to someone':
- Linda is married to an American, (not 'with an American').
We say 'to be different to (or from) someone/something':
- The film was quite different to (or from) what I expected.
We say 'to be similar to something':
- Your writing is similar to mine.
We say 'apologize to someone for something':
- When I realized I was wrong, I apologized to him for my mistake.
We say 'to belong to someone':
- Who does this coat belong to?
We say 'to complain to someone about someone/something:
- We complained to the manager of the restaurant about the food.
We say 'to happen to someone/something':
- A strange thing happened to me the other day.
- What happened-to that gold watch you used to have?
We say 'to listen to someone/something':
- We spent the evening listening to records.
We say 'to shout to someone (so that they can hear you)':
- He shouted to me from the other side of the street.
But 'to shout at someone (when you are angry)':
- He was very angry and started shouting at me.
We say 'to speak/talk to someone ('with' is also possible but less usual)':
- (on the telephone) Hello, can I speak to Jane, please?
- Who was that man I saw you talking to in the pub?
We say 'to write to someone:
- Sorry. I haven't written to you for such a long time.
We say 'to explain (a problem/a situation/a word etc.) to someone':
- Can you explain this word to me. (not 'explain me this word')
- Let me explain to you what I mean.
We say 'to invite someone to (a party/a wedding etc.)':
- Have you been invited to any parties recently?
We say 'to prefer someone/something to someone/something':
- I prefer tea to coffee.
We say 'to sentence someone to (a period of imprisonment)'
- He was found guilty and sentenced to six months' imprisonment.
We say 'to throw something to someone (for someone to catch):
- Ann shouted 'Catch!' and threw the keys to me from the window.
But: 'to throw something at someone/something (in order to hit them):
- Someone threw an egg at the minister while he was speaking.
to
I. PREPOSITION AND ADVERB USES
Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.
Note: In addition to the uses shown below, 'to' is used in phrasal verbs such as 'see to' and 'come to'. It is also used with some verbs that have two objects in order to introduce the second object.
1.
You use to when indicating the place that someone or something visits, moves towards, or points at.
Two friends and I drove to Florida during college spring break...
...a five-day road and rail journey to Peking...
She went to the window and looked out...
He pointed to a chair, signalling for her to sit.
PREP
2.
If you go to an event, you go where it is taking place.
We went to a party at the leisure centre...
He came to dinner...
PREP
3.
If something is attached to something larger or fixed to it, the two things are joined together.
There was a piece of cloth tied to the dog's collar...
Scrape off all the meat juices stuck to the bottom of the pan.
PREP
4.
You use to when indicating the position of something. For example, if something is to your left, it is nearer your left side than your right side.
Hemingway's studio is to the right...
Atlanta was only an hour's drive to the north.
PREP
5.
When you give something to someone, they receive it.
He picked up the knife and gave it to me...
Firms should be allowed to offer jobs to the long-term unemployed at a lower wage.
PREP: v n PREP n
6.
You use to to indicate who or what an action or a feeling is directed towards.
Marcus has been most unkind to me today...
I have had to pay for repairs to the house.
PREP: adj/n PREP n
7.
You use to with certain nouns and adjectives to show that a following noun is related to them.
He is a witty man, and an inspiration to all of us...
Marriage is not the answer to everything...
PREP: adj/n PREP n
8.
If you say something to someone, you want that person to listen and understand what you are saying.
I'm going to have to explain to them that I can't pay them.
PREP
9.
You use to when indicating someone's reaction to something or their feelings about a situation or event. For example, if you say that something happens to someone's surprise you mean that they are surprised when it happens.
He survived, to the amazement of surgeons.
PREP
10.
You use to when indicating the person whose opinion you are stating.
It was clear to me that he respected his boss...
Everyone seemed to her to be amazingly kind.
PREP
11.
You use to when indicating what something or someone is becoming, or the state or situation that they are progressing towards.
The shouts changed to screams of terror.
...an old ranch house that has been converted to a nature centre.
PREP
12.
To can be used as a way of introducing the person or organization you are employed by, when you perform some service for them.
Rickman worked as a dresser to Nigel Hawthorne...
He was an official interpreter to the government of Nepal.
PREP: n PREP n
13.
You use to to indicate that something happens until the time or amount mentioned is reached.
From 1977 to 1985 the United States gross national product grew 21 percent...
The annual rate of inflation in Britain has risen to its highest level for eight years.
PREP
14.
You use to when indicating the last thing in a range of things, usually when you are giving two extreme examples of something.
I read everything from fiction to history.
PREP: from n PREP n
15.
If someone goes from place to place or from job to job, they go to several places, or work in several jobs, and spend only a short time in each one.
Larry and Andy had drifted from place to place, worked at this and that.
PREP: from n PREP n
16.
If someone moves to and fro, they move repeatedly from one place to another and back again, or from side to side.
She stood up and began to pace to and fro...
PHRASE: PHR after v
17.
You use to when you are stating a time which is less than thirty minutes before an hour. For example, if it is 'five to eight', it is five minutes before eight o'clock.
At twenty to six I was waiting by the entrance to the station...
At exactly five minutes to nine, Ann left her car and entered the building.
PREP: num/n PREP num
18.
You use to when giving ratios and rates.
...engines that can run at 60 miles to the gallon.
PREP: amount PREP amount
19.
You use to when indicating that two things happen at the same time. For example, if something is done to music, it is done at the same time as music is being played.
Romeo left the stage, to enthusiastic applause...
Amy woke up to the sound of her doorbell ringing...
PREP
20.
If you say 'There's nothing to it', 'There's not much to it', or 'That's all there is to it', you are emphasizing how simple you think something is.
Once they have tried growing orchids, they will see there is really nothing to it.
CONVENTION [emphasis]
21.
If you push or shut a door to, you close it but may not shut it completely.
He slipped out, pulling the door to.
ADV: ADV after v
22.
see also according to
II. USED BEFORE THE BASE FORM OF A VERB
Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English.
1.
You use to before the base form of a verb to form the to-infinitive. You use the to-infinitive after certain verbs, nouns, and adjectives, and after words such as 'how', 'which', and 'where'.
The management wanted to know what I was doing there...
She told ministers of her decision to resign...
to inf
2.
You use to before the base form of a verb to indicate the purpose or intention of an action.
...using the experience of big companies to help small businesses...
He was doing this to make me more relaxed...
= in order to
to inf
3.
You use to before the base form of a verb when you are commenting on a statement that you are making, for example when saying that you are being honest or brief, or that you are summing up or giving an example.
I'm disappointed, to be honest...
Well, to sum up, what is the message that you are trying to get across?
to inf
4.
You use to before the base form of a verb when indicating what situation follows a particular action.
From the garden you walk down to discover a large and beautiful lake...
He awoke to find Charlie standing near the bed.
to inf
5.
Exemples du corpus de texte pour to
1. "It used to be they had to go to Sudan, they had to go to Yemen, they had to go to Afghanistan to train," he added.
2. To return to the houses, to return to the villages.
3. Between April 10 and April 20, Barack Obama traveled from Chicago to New York to Chicago to Washington to Charlotte to Florence, S.C., to Columbia to Atlanta to Boca Raton to Vero Beach to Orlando to Tampa to Chicago to Milwaukee to New Hampshire to Boston.
4. "I went down to talk to him to try to get him to go to rehab," she said.
5. I wanted to be sick; to be deaf; to be struck down; to hold him; to cry out to God.